Example 112 Practical

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THIS SECTION IS MULTIPLE CHOICE, FILL IN THE BLANK, AND TRUE OR FALSE.  EACH IS WORTH 0.5 PTS.

1)      In the “Cell Cycle,” cell division occurs during  ­­­­_______________  and preparation for division occurs during ________________. 

2)      The process of meiosis ends with 4 cells and begins with ____ cell(s).

Circle one:  1   2   4   8

3)      The normal haploid chromosome number for humans is ____.

Circle one:  13    23    26    46

4)      Compared to a frog, a bird wing has bones that are more                    (derived  or  primitive). 

5)      Gametes (sperm and eggs) are:       haploid    or   diploid.  Circle one.  (I’m going to be really surprised if anyone gets this question wrong!)

6)      Mammals have 4 basic kinds of teeth.  Which would you expect them to use for breaking bones:

                  Circle all that apply.

a)      Canines

b)      Crushiformes

c)      Incisors

d)      None of the above

7)      A child is heterozygous for a trait, tongue rolling, she can do it.  What is the probability that both her parents can’t roll their tongues? 

Circle one:  0%    25%    50%    100%

8)      From the information in the lab exercise, Sex, DNA, and Chromosomes, genetic variation arising from sex is normally due to:                                                        Circle all that apply.

a)      Independent assortment

b)      Genetic engineering

c)      Mutation

d)      Transduction

e)      Crossing over

9)      Based on the information from the BioScience article assigned for the “Genetic Engineering” lab, world hunger is caused principally by:         Circle all that apply. 

a)      Political problems

b)      Global climate changes

c)      Economic problems

d)      Lack of fertilizer

10)  Predation, disease, and competition are biotic factors, which usually regulate populations in a density-dependent manner.  What types of factors regulate populations in a density independent manner?

11)  Mitosis (cell division for somatic cells) is described by 4 basic phases, including:

a)      Anaphase

b)      Interphase

c)      Prophase

d)      Lunarphase

e)      None of the above

12)  The forelimbs on bats and birds are both evolved for flight.  Is this an example of divergent or convergent evolution?  Circle one.

13)  True or False.  Desert plants can control air flow and water loss by constricting or closing the stomata.  Circle one.

14)  From an evolutionary perspective, what is prevented or hindered by a barrier like the Great Wall of China or a river?      Circle one.

a)      Evolution

b)      Natural selection

c)      Gene flow

d)      Adaptation

THE QUESTIONS IN THIS SECTION ARE WORTH 0.75 PTS

15)  The environment is described by 4 different components, one of them being the biosphere.  What are the other 3 components?

16)  What evolutionary pattern or dynamic do cacti and euphorbs combined demonstrate?

17)  RNA differs structurally from DNA in a couple of ways.  Name 1 feature that is different.

18)  If a fetus had an extra chromosome at position 21 what would you expect to be the result?

19)  Name an ecosystem where you would not expect to find plants with ephemeral leaves.  Why?

20)  Would the embryo in an organism that reproduced asexually be considered foreign material in the mother’s uterus?  Why or why not?

21)  If you wanted to plant and grow a cactus, which needs well-drained soil, what type of soils would you use to plant your cactus? 

 22)  You are fishing from the shore of a lake, casting out to several spots.  You finally catch one.  It’s got a flattened body and its mouth is pointed downward.  In what part of the lake were you fishing?

THE QUESTIONS IN THIS SECTION ARE WORTH 1 PT.

23)  Evidence for evolution can be found in homologous structures.  Describe a homologous structure, what criteria make it homologous, and how it can support the theory of evolution.

24)  Briefly describe the difference between an environment and an ecosystem. 

 25)  Woodlands normally have a greater amount of organic matter in the soil compared to desert areas.  Why would this be so? 

 26)  Briefly explain the relationship between adaptations and traits, with respect to the survival of an organism.

 27)  Describe the differences between and similarities of leaves from desert environments and those from rainforests.  Be as thorough and as detailed as you can.

 28)  What is meant by homozygous, heterozygous, dominant, and recessive with respect to genotypes?  Illustrate a simple example.  Hint:  use letters.

29)  Based on what you know about the adaptations plants have evolved for protection from herbivores, what can you guess has occurred with human plant food during the process of domestication and artificial selection?

 30)  Construct/diagram a molecule of DNA with 6 nucleotide pairs, using each of the 4 nitrogenous bases.  Include the phosphate (P) and the 5-carbon sugar (S). 

 31)  In the Size Experiment in lab, “predation” worked as a force of natural selection.  Explain how it should have affected the “population” of squares and why. 

 32)  The below list of animals is placed in order of relatedness (most to least).  To the left are circles with varying shades of darkness signifying the amount of precipitate (darker = more precipitate) resulting from an antibody-antigen reaction.  Match the organism with the circle (i.e., draw an arrow). 

Human

 Dog

Fish

Lizard

                                                         Bacteria

33)  Using the data in the table below, determine which community has the highest Species Richness and which the highest Evenness.  (2 pts)

Richness _____________________, Evenness _________________________. 

Species present and the abundances in samples of “artificial” rodent communities from 3 vegetation zones in the Sandias.

 34)  Using the data in Table 1, construct a histogram, as you did in the Pollution Lab.  Be sure to label the axes and categories.  Relative abundance categories are: Rare, 1-5, Uncommon, 6-10, Common, 11-20, Abundant, >20.  Show your work, and if necessary use the back of the page.  (2 pts)

 Table 1.  Abundance and species of aquatic organisms collected from Rio Grande.

35)  Below is a pond ( a square one).  The dots represent minnows that are vulnerable to being eaten  by lake trout.  In each square there is enough vegetation for one minnow to hide from the trout.  It is assumed a minnow will find the hiding place in each square.  A trout enters the pond and begins eating minnows according to the rules.  (3 pts)

36)  You have conducted a weekly survey of the frog population in a pond for the past 8 weeks.  Your population counts are:  Wk 1 – 4, Wk 2 – 9, Wk 3 – 18, Wk 4 – 42, Wk 5 – 64, Wk 6 – 78, Wk 7 – 86, Wk 8 – 89.  Graph your population’s growth below.  (3 pts)

37)  You have conducted a weekly survey of the frog population in a pond for the past 8 weeks.  Your population counts are:  Wk 1 – 3, Wk 2 – 6, Wk 3 – 13, Wk 4 – 25, Wk 5 – 53, Wk 6 – 85, Wk 7 – 130, Wk 8 – 180.  Graph your population’s growth below.  (3 pts)

ANSWER ONLY 2 OF THE BELOW QUESTIONS.  EACH IS WORTH 2 PTS.

38)  On the television series, CSI, the forensic specialists have found a murder victim.  They begin to check the body for evidence.  What are the various types of evidence they might collect?

39)  You are charged with changing over your community to a renewable energy source.  Pick one type for your geographic area and explain why you picked it over some of the other available options.

40)  What are 2 examples of biomimicry.  Include biological and non-biological examples.

41)  How would ecology influence the design and building of your house if you were a pioneer living on the prairies?  What materials would you use and not use?

42)  If you were a business manager why would you model your new business after a Redwood forest?

43)  What are some of the advantages sustainable agriculture has over the fossil fuel dependent, river polluting, reasons, soil destroying alternative type of mainstream agriculture?

Answers